人們一直都在尋找更經(jīng)濟(jì)節(jié)約且更環(huán)境友好的方法。近日，北卡羅萊納州立大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組就發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)建設(shè)如停車場(chǎng)這樣的大規(guī)模建筑時(shí)既省錢又環(huán)保的方法。
具體地說(shuō)，研究人員已經(jīng)找到了一個(gè)在不犧牲安全性的同時(shí)，少用30%的鋼筋制造停車場(chǎng)用混凝土梁的方法，該研究小組的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一Sami Rizkalla博士表示，他們開(kāi)發(fā)的設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則可以使用更少的鋼筋，同時(shí)保持安全性和可靠性。Rizkalla博士說(shuō)，新拱肩設(shè)計(jì)“簡(jiǎn)化了預(yù)制混凝土生產(chǎn)商的施工”。 除了使用較少鋼外，新的設(shè)計(jì)削減了一半的勞動(dòng)力和生產(chǎn)時(shí)間，顯著地降低了成本。
北卡羅萊納州立大學(xué)的博士生Greg Lucier也在這項(xiàng)研究中擔(dān)任重要工作，他說(shuō)，這項(xiàng)新的設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則是包括一定的安全幅度的。例如，Lucier說(shuō)，這個(gè)拱肩可以承受比我們預(yù)期能承受的最大重量還要大2到3倍的重量。Lucier還是北卡羅萊納州建筑設(shè)施實(shí)驗(yàn)室的實(shí)驗(yàn)室負(fù)責(zé)人， Lucier也是經(jīng)理數(shù)控國(guó)家，該實(shí)驗(yàn)室監(jiān)督新拱肩設(shè)計(jì)測(cè)試。
圖片：Sami Rizkalla博士解釋說(shuō)，通過(guò)測(cè)試新的混凝土梁的設(shè)計(jì)，看它可以承重多少，研究人員已經(jīng)確定，它的承重比預(yù)期的最大承重還要大2至3倍
新設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則源自一個(gè)2007年1月發(fā)起的為期兩年的項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目由預(yù)制/預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土協(xié)會(huì)（PCI）支持。PCI 為整個(gè)項(xiàng)目提供北卡羅萊納州超過(guò)40萬(wàn)美元的資金、物資和技術(shù)支持，
該項(xiàng)目的成功已經(jīng)引起混凝土行業(yè)的興趣，個(gè)別公司來(lái)北卡羅萊納州了解如何改進(jìn)自己的產(chǎn)品和制造工藝。例如，Rizkalla說(shuō)，很多公司希望與建筑設(shè)施實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究人員合作，研究開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目相關(guān)的新材料，如可用于混凝土產(chǎn)品的先進(jìn)的復(fù)合材料。
研究人員已經(jīng)公布了研究項(xiàng)目的一些內(nèi)容，他們還將對(duì)整個(gè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行概述，包括新的測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)，這些將在六月份在圣安東尼奧舉行的美國(guó)混凝土協(xié)會(huì)春季大會(huì)上首次公布。
附英文：
New Precast design means cheaper, more sustainable construction
(North Carolina) -- People are always looking for ways to make something less expensive and more environmentally friendly – and a team of researchers from North Carolina State University has figured out how to do both of those things at once when raising the large-scale buildings, such as parking garages, of the future.
More specifically, the researchers have figured out a way to use 30 percent less reinforcing steel in the manufacture of the concrete beams, or spandrels, used in the construction of parking garages – without sacrificing safety. Dr. Sami Rizkalla, one of the leaders of the research team, says they developed design guidelines that use less steel while maintaining safety and reliability. The new spandrel design "simplifies construction for precast concrete producers," Rizkalla says. In addition to using less steel, the new design cuts labor and manufacturing time in half – significantly decreasing costs.
Greg Lucier, a doctoral student at NC State who was also crucial to the research effort, says the new design guidelines include a significant margin for safety. For example, Lucier says the spandrels could handle two to three times the maximum weight they would be expected to bear. Lucier is also the lab manager of the Constructed Facilities Laboratory at NC State, which oversaw the testing of the new spandrel design.
The new design guidelines stem from a two-year project that was launched in January 2007, with support from the Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI). PCI provided NC State with more than $400,000 in funding, materials and technical support over the life of the project.
The success of the project is already drawing interest from the concrete industry, with individual companies coming to NC State to get input on how to improve their products and manufacturing processes. For example, Rizkalla says, many companies want to collaborate with researchers at the Constructed Facilities Laboratory on research and development projects related to new materials, such as advanced composites, to be used in concrete products.
While researchers have published some elements of the research project, they will present an overview of the entire project – including new testing data – for the first time at the spring convention of the American Concrete Institute in San Antonio this month.
